Chemistry Syllabus Recommended Text MCQ Books for MBBS CET NEET

Chemistry Syllabus : CORE SYLLABUS of Physics, Chemistry, Biology (Higher Secondary Stage) have been prepared by NATIONAL COUNCIL OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING (NCERT) for Common Entrance Test ( CET ) National Entrance cum Eligibility Test ( NEET ) to be conducted by Medical Council of India for admission to MBBS

Physics Syllabus (Class 11th and 12th) is available at this link

Biology Syllabus (Class XI and XII) is available at this link

Chemistry syllabus of class 11th
1. Information 17 – 18
2. Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry 19
3. Structure of Atom 19
4. Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties 19
5. Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 19 – 20
6. States of Matter: Gases and Liquids 20
7. Thermodynamics 20

8. Equilibrium 20
9. Redox Reactions 21
10. Hydrogen 21
11. s-Block Element (Alkali and Alkaline earth metals) 21
12. Some p-Block Elements 21 – 22
13. Organic Chemistry- Some Basic Principles and Techniques 22
14. Hydrocarbons 22 – 23
15. Environmental Chemistry 23

Chemistry syllabus of class 12th
S.No. Topics Page No.
1. Solid State 24
2. Solutions 24
3. Electrochemistry 24
4. Chemical Kinetics 24
5. Surface Chemistry 25
6. General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements 25
7. p- Block Elements 25
8. d and f Block Elements 26
9. Coordination Compounds 26
10. Haloalkanes and Haloarenes 26
11. Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers 26 – 27
12. Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids 27
13. Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen 27
14. Biomolecules 27
15. Polymers 28
16. Chemistry in Everyday Life 28

CHEMISTRY
INFORMATION
RATIONALE
Higher Secondary Stage is the most crucial stage of school education because at this
stage specialized discipline based, content oriented courses are introduced. Students
reach this stage after 10 years of general education and option for Chemistry with a
purpose of mostly for pursuing their career in basic sciences or professional courses like
medicines, engineering, technology and studying courses in applied areas of science and
technology at tertiary level. Therefore, at this stage, there is a need to provide learners
with sufficient conceptual background of Chemistry, which will make them competent to
meet the challenges of academic and professional courses after the higher secondary
stage.
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National Curriculum Framework-2005 recommends a disciplinary approach with
appropriate rigour and depth with the care that syllabus is not heavy and at the same time
it is comparable to the international level. It emphasizes a coherent focus on important
ideas within discipline that are properly sequenced to optimize learning. It recommends
that theoretical component of Higher Secondary Science should emphasize on problem
solving methods and the awareness of historical development of key concepts of science
by judiciously integrated into content. The present exercise of syllabus development in
Chemistry at Higher Secondary Stage is based on this framework.
Salient features of the present syllabus are thus:

• Some background of Chemistry from secondary stage is assumed; however, no
specific knowledge of topics in Chemistry is pre-supposed.
• The course is self-contained and broadly covers fundamental concepts of
Chemistry.
• Attempt has been made to see discipline of Chemistry does not remain only the
science of facts but becomes related to modern applications in the world around
us.
• The syllabus provides logical sequencing of the ’Units’ of the subject matter with
proper placement of concepts with their linkages for better understanding.
• Emphasis has been on promoting process-skills, problem solving abilities and
applications of concepts of Chemistry useful in real life situation for making
learning of Chemistry more relevant, meaningful and interesting.
• An effort has been made on the basic of feedback, to remove repetition besides
reducing the content by suitably integrating the different content areas.
• Practical syllabus has two components. There are core experiments to the
undertaken by the students in the classroom and will be part of examination while
each student will carry out one investigatory project and submit the report for the
examination.
• With this background, the Chemistry curriculum at the higher secondary stage
attempts to
• Promote understanding of basic principles in Chemistry while retaining the
excitement in Chemistry;
• Develop an interest in students to study Chemistry as discipline;
• Strengthen the concepts developed at the secondary stage and to provide firm
foundation for further learning of Chemistry at tertiary level more effectively.
• Develop positive scientific attitude, and appreciate contribution of Chemistry
towards the improvement of quality of human life.
• Develop problem solving skills and nurture curiosity, aesthetic and creativity.
• Inculcate values of honesty, integrity, cooperation, concern for life and
reservation of the environment;
• Make the learner realize the interface of Chemistry with other disciplines of
science such as Physics, Biology, Geology, etc;
• Equip students to face challenges related to health, nutrition, environment,
population, whether industries and agriculture.
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CONTENTS OF CLASS XI SYLLABUS
UNIT I: Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
Details:-
• General Introduction: Important and scope of chemistry.
• Historical approach to particular nature of matter, laws of chemical combination,
Dalton’s atomic theory: concept of elements, atoms and molecules.
• Atomic and molecular masses. Mole concept and molar mass; percentage
composition and empirical and molecular formula; chemical reactions,
stoichiometry and calculations based on stoichiometry.
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UNIT II: Structure of Atom
Details:-

• Discovery of electron, proton and neutron; atomic number, isotopes and isobars.
Thompson’s of model and its limitations, Rutherford’s model and its limitations,
Bohr’s model and its limitations, concept of shells and subshells, dual nature of
matter and light, de Broglie’s relationship, Heisenberg uncertainty principle,
concept of orbital, quantum numbers, shapes of s,p and d orbitals, rules for filling
electronics in orbitals- Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principles and Hund’s
rule, electronic configuration of atoms, stability of half filled and completely
filled orbitals.
UNIT III: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties
Details:-
• Significance of classification, belief history of the development of periodic table,
modern periodic law and the present form of periodic table, periodic trends in
properties of elements- atomic radii, ionic radii, inert gas radii, ionization
enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, electronegativity, valence. Nomenclature of
elements with atomic number greater than 100.
UNIT: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Details:-
• Valence electrons, ironic bond, covalent bond, bond parameters, Lewis structure,
polar character of covalent bond, covalent character of ionic bond, valence bond
theory, resonance, geometry of covalent molecules, VSEPR theory, concept of
hybridization involving s, p and d orbitals and shapes of some simple molecules,
molecular orbital theory of homonuclear diatomic molecules (qualitative idea
only). Hydrogen bond.
UNITV: States of Matter: Gases and Liquids
Details:-
• Three states of matter, intermolecular interactions, types of bonding, melting and
boiling points, role of gas laws of elucidating the concept of the molecule,
Boyle’s Charle’s law, Gay Lussac’s law, Avogadro’s law, idea behaviour,
empirical derivation of gas equation. Avogadro number, ideal gas equation.
Kinetic energy and molecular speeds (elementary idea), deviation from ideal
behaviour, liquefaction of gases, critical temperature.
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• Liquid State- Vapour pressure, viscosity and surface tension (qualitative idea
only, no mathematical derivations).
UNITVI : Thermodynamics
Details:-
• Concepts of system, types of systems, surroundings, work, heat, energy, extensive
and intensive properties, state functions.
• First law of thermodynamics-internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity and
specific heat, measurement of U and H, Hess’s law of constant heat
summation, enthalpy of : bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization,
sublimation, phase transition, ionization, solution and dilution.
• Introduction of entropy as state function, Second law of thermodynamics, Gibbs
energy change for spontaneous and non-spontaneous process, criteria for
equilibrium.
• Third law of thermodynamics- Brief introduction.
UNIT VII: Equilibrium
Details:-
• Equilibrium in physical and chemical processes, dynamic nature of equilibrium,
law of mass action, equilibrium constant, factors affecting equilibrium-Le
Chatelier’s principle; ionic equilibrium-ionic equilibrium- ionization of acids and
bases, strong and weak electrolytes, degree of ionization, ionization of polybasic
acids, acid strength, concept of pH., Hydrolysis of salts (elementary idea)., buffer
solutions, Henderson equation, solubility product, common ion effect (with
illustrative examples).
UNIT VIII: Redox Reactions
Details:-
• Concept of oxidation and oxidation and reduction, redox reactions oxidation
number, balancing redox reactions in terms of loss and gain of electron and
change in oxidation numbers, applications of redox reactions.
UNIT IX: Hydrogen
Details:-
• Position of hydrogen in periodic table, occurrence, isotopes, preparation,
properties and uses of hydrogen; hydrides-ionic, covalent and interstitial; physical
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and chemical properties of water, heavy water; hydrogen peroxide-preparation,
reactions, use and structure; hydrogen as a fuel.
UNIT X: s-Block Element (Alkali and Alkaline earth metals)
Details:-
• Group I and group 2 elements:
• General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, anomalous properties
of the first element of each group, diagonal relationship, trends in the variation of
properties (such as ionization enthalpy, atomic and ionic radii), trends in chemical
reactivity with oxygen, water, hydrogen and halogens; uses.
• Preparation and Properties of Some important Compounds:
• Sodium carbonate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide and sodium
hydrogencarbonate, biological importance of sodium and potassium.
• CaO, CaCO3, and industrial use of lime and limestone, biological importance of
Mg and Ca.
UNIT XI: Some p-Block Elements
Details:-
• General Introduction to p-Block Elements.

• Group 13 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence,
variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical reactivity, anomalous
properties of first element of the group; Boron-physical and chemical properties,
some important compounds: borax, boric acids, boron hydrides. Aluminium:
uses, reactions with acids and alkalies.
• General 14 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence,
variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical reactivity, anomalous
behaviour of first element. Carbon-catenation, allotropic forms, physical and
chemical properties: uses of some important compounds: oxides.
• Important compounds of silicon and a few uses: silicon tetrachloride, silicones,
silicates and zeolites, their uses.
UNIT XII: Organic Chemistry- Some Basic Principles and Techniques
Details:-
• General introduction, methods of purification qualitative and quantitative
analysis, classification and IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds.
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• Electronic displacements in a covalent bond: inductive effect, electromeric effect,
resonance and hyper conjugation.
• Homolytic and heterolytic fission of a covalent bond: free radials, carbocations,
carbanions; electrophiles and nucleophiles, types of organic reactions.
UNIT XIII: Hydrocarbons
Details:-
• Classification of Hydrocarbons.
• Aliphatic Hydrocarbons:
• Alkanes- Nomenclature, isomerism, conformations (ethane only), physical
properties, chemical reactions including free radical mechanism of halogenation,
combustion and pyrolysis.
• Alkanes-Nomenclature, structure of double bond (ethene), geometrical isomerism,
physical properties, methods of preparation: chemical reactions: addition of
hydrogen, halogen, water, hydrogen halides (Markovnikov’s addition and
peroxide effect), ozonolysis, oxidation, mechanism of electrophilic addition.
• Alkynes-Nomenclature, structure of triple bond (ethyne), physical properties,
methods of preparation, chemical reactions: acids character of alkynes, addition
reaction of- hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides and water.
• Aromatic hydrocarbons- Introduction, IUPAC nomenclature; Benzene; resonance,
aromaticity; chemical properties: mechanism of electrophilic substitution-
Nitration sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel Craft’s alkylation and acylation;
directive influence of functional group in mono-substituted benzene;
carcinogenicity and toxicity.
UNIT XIV: Environmental Chemistry
Details:-
• Environmental pollution: Air, water and soil pollution, chemical reactions in
atmosphere, smogs, major atmospheric pollutants; acid rain ozone and its
reactions, effects of depletion of ozone layer, greenhouse effect and global
warming-pollution due to industrial wastes; green chemistry as an alternative tool
for reducing pollution, strategy for control of environmental pollution.
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CONTENTS OF CLASS XII SYLLABUS
UNIT I: Solid State
Details:-
• Classification of solids based on different binding forces; molecular, ionic
covalent and metallic solids, amorphous and crystalline solids (elementary idea),
unit cell in two dimensional and three dimensional lattices, calculation of density
of unit cell, packing in solids, packing efficiency, voids, number of atoms per unit
cell in a cubic unit cell, point defects, electrical and magnetic properties, Band
theory of metals, conductors, semiconductors and insulators and n and p type
semiconductors.
UNIT II: Solutions
Details:-
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• Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids,
solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions, colligative properties- relative
lowering of vapour pressure, Raoult’s law, elevation B.P. depression of freezing
point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative
properties abnormal molecular mass. Van Hoff factor.
UNIT III: Electrochemistry
Details:-

• Redox reactions, conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar
conductivity variations of conductivity with concentration, kohlrausch’s Law,
electrolysis and Laws of electrolysis (elementary idea), dry cell- electrolytic cells
and Galvanic cells; lead accumulator, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential,
Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells. Relation between Gibbs
energy change and EMF of a cell, fuel cells; corrosion.
UNIT IV: Chemical Kinetics
Details:-
• Rate of a reaction (average and instantaneous), factors affecting rates of reaction;
concentration, temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction; rate law
and specific rate constant, integrated rate equations and half life (only for zero and
first order reactions); concept of collision theory ( elementary idea, no
mathematical treatment). Activation energy, Arrhenious equation.
UNIT V: Surface Chemistry
Details:-
• Adsorption-physisorption and chemisorption; factors affecting adsorption of gases
on solids, catalysis chomogenous and heterogeneous, activity and selectivity:
enzyme catalysis; colloidal state: distinction between true solutions, colloids and
suspensions; lyophillic, lyophobic multimolecular and macromolecular colloids;
properties of colloids; Tyndall effect, Brownian movement, electrophoresis,
coagulation; emulsions- types of emulsions.
UNIT VI: General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements
Details:-
• Principles and methods of extraction- concentration, oxidation, reduction
electrolytic method and refining; occurrence and principles of extraction of
aluminium, copper, zinc and iron.
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UNIT VII: p- Block Elements
Details:-
• Group 15 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence,
oxidation states, trends in physical and chemical properties; nitrogen-preparation,
properties and uses; compounds of nitrogen: preparation and properties of
ammonia and nitric acid, oxides of nitrogen (structure only); Phosphorousallotropic
forms; compounds of phosphorous: preparation and properties of
phosphine, halides (PCI3, PCI5) and oxoacids (elementary idea only).
• Group 16 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation
states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties; dioxygen:
preparation, properties and uses; classification of oxides; ozone. Sulphur –
allotropic forms; compounds of sulphur: preparation, preparation, properties and
uses of sulphur dioxide; sulphuric acid: industrial process of manufacture,
properties of manufacture, properties and uses, oxoacids of sulphur (structures
only).
• Group 17 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation
states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties; compounds of
halogens: preparation, preparation, properties and uses of chlorine and
hydrochloric acid, interhalogen compounds oxoacids of halogens (structures
only).
• Group 18 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence,
trends in physical and chemical properties, uses.
UNIT VIII: d and f Block Elements
Details:-
• General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of
transition metals, general trends in properties of the first row transition metalsmetallic
character, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, colour,
catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, alloy formation.
Preparation and properties of k2Cr2O7 and KMnO4.
• Lanthanoids- electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and
lanthanoid contraction and its consequences.
• Actinoids: Electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with
lanthenoids.
UNIT IX: Coordination Compounds
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Details:-
• Coordination compounds: Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour,
magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear
coordination compounds, bonding, Werner’s theory VBT,CFT; isomerism
(structural and stereo) importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative
analysis, extraction of metals and biological systems).
UNIT X: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
Details:-
• Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C –X bond, physical and chemical
properties, mechanism of substitution reactions. Optical rotation.
• Haloarenes: Nature of C-X bond, substitution reactions (directive influence of
halogen for monosubstituted compounds only).
• Uses and environment effects of – dichloromethane, trichloromethane,
tetrachloromethane, iodoform, freons, DDT.
UNIT XI: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Details:-
• Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical
properties (of primary alcohols only); identification of primary, secondary and
tertiary alcohols; mechanism of dehydration, uses, with special reference to
methanol and ethanol.
• Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical
properties, acidic nature of phenol, electrophillic substitution reactions, uses of
phenols.
• Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties
uses.
UNIT XII: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
Details:-
• Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of
preparation, physical and chemical properties; and mechanism of nucleophilic
addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes; used.
• Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical
and chemical properties; uses.
UNIT XIII: Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen
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Details:-
• Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical
and chemical properties, uses, identification of primary secondary and tertiary
amines.
• Cyanides and Isocyanides- will be mentioned at relevant places I context.
• Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions and importance is synthetic
organic chemistry.
UNIT XIV: Biomolecules

Details:-
• Carbohydrates- Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharide (glucose
and fructose), D.L. configuration, oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose),
polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen): importance.
• Proteins- Elementary idea of a – amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides,
proteins, primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure and quaternary
structure (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins; enzymes.
• Hormones- Elementary idea (excluding structure).
• Vitamins- Classification and function.
• Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA
UNIT XV: Polymers
Details:-
• Classification- Natural and synthetic, methods of polymerization (addition and
condensation), copolymerization. Some important polymers: natural and
synthetic like polyesters, bakelite; rubber, Biodegradable and non-biodegradable
polymers.
UNIT XVI: Chemistry in Everyday Life
Details:-
• Chemicals in medicines- analgesics, tranquilizers, antiseptics, disinfectants,
antimicrobials, antifertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids, antihistamines.
• Chemicals in food- preservatives, artificial sweetening agents, elementary idea
of antioxidants.
• Cleansing agents- soaps and detergents, cleansing action.